Dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia
Rosalind E. Krauss
Columbus's letter on the first voyage is dissertation sur first known document announcing the results of the first voyage of Christopher Columbus that set out in and reached the Americas. The letter was instrumental in spreading the news source Europe about Columbus's voyage. Almost immediately after Columbus's arrival in Spain, printed versions of the letter began to appear. The Latin version was swiftly disseminated and reprinted in many dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia locations— BaselParisAntwerpetc.
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In his letter, Christopher Columbus claims dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia have discovered and taken possession of a series of islands on the edge of the Indian Wikipedia in Asia.
He described the islands, particularly Hispaniola and Cubaexaggerating their size and wealth, wikipedia suggested that mainland China probably lay nearby. He also gave a brief description of the native Arawaks whom he called " Indians "emphasizing their docility and amenability, and the prospects of their mass conversion voyage wikipedia Catholic Christianity.
However, the letter also revealed local rumors about a fierce man-eating tribe of "monsters" in the area /defending-a-dissertation.html Caribsalthough Columbus himself disbelieved the stories, and dismissed them verlag dissertation empfehlung myth.
In the letter, Columbus urges the Dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia monarchs to sponsor a second, larger expedition to the Click, promising to bring back immense riches. A slightly different version of Columbus's letter, in manuscript form, addressed to the Catholic monarchs dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia Spain, was found inpart of the Dissertation sur Copiador collection, and has /homework-for-you.html to some revision of the history of the Columbus letter.
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Christopher Columbusa Genoese captain in the see dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia of the Crown of Castileset out on his first voyage in August with the objective of reaching the East Indies by article source west across the Atlantic Ocean.
As is well known, instead of dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia Asia, Columbus stumbled upon the Caribbean islands of the Americas.
According to the journal of his voyage, on February 14, Columbus was caught in a voyage wikipedia off the Azores islands. The resulting poor condition of his ship forced him to put in at Lisbon Portugal on March 4, Voyage wikipedia finally arrived at Palos de la Frontera in Spain eleven days later, on March 15, During the return journey, while aboard the ship, Columbus wrote a letter reporting the results of his voyage dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia announcing his discovery of the dissertation sur australia presentation boxes custom made the Indies".
Copies of Columbus's letter were somehow picked up by publishers, and printed editions of his write paper began to appear throughout Europe within weeks of Columbus's return to Spain. A Latin translation of the letter addressed to Gabriel Sanchez was printed in Rome voyage wikipedia a month later.
Within the first year of his arrival, eight more editions of the Latin version were printed in various European cities—two in Baselthree in Parisanother two in Rome and another in Antwerp.
Already by Junethe letter had been translated dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia a poet into Voyage verse, and that version went click multiple editions in the next couple of years.
A German translation appeared in The rapid dissemination of Columbus's letter was enabled by the printing pressa new invention that had established itself only recently. Columbus's letter particularly the Latin edition forged the initial public perception of the newly discovered lands.
Indeed, until the discovery of Voyage wikipedia on-board journal, first published in the 19th century, this letter read article the only known direct testimony by Columbus of his experiences on the first voyage of Original versions of Columbus's letter, written quizzes history ap us his hand, have never been found.
Only the printed editions—Spanish and Latin—are known. However, a third version of the letter, contained in a 16th-century manuscript collection known as the Voyage wikipedia Copiadorwas discovered in This manuscript version differs in several significant ways from the printed voyage wikipedia and, although its authenticity is still tentative, many believe the Copiador version to be a closer rendition of Dissertation sur original missive.
The published Latin versions of the letter are almost all titled "Letter of Columbus, on the islands of India beyond voyage wikipedia Ganges recently discovered".
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The term "India beyond the Ganges" India extra Gangem was the archaic term frequently used by earlier dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia e. The earlier printed Spanish edition bears no title, nor does the manuscript copy of the letter to the Catholic monarchs Libro Copiador. In the letter, Christopher Columbus does not describe the journey itself, saying only that he traveled thirty-three days and arrived at the islands dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia "the Indies" las Indias"all of which I took possession for our Highnesses, with proclaiming heralds and flying royal standards, and no one objecting".
He describes the islands as being inhabited by "Indians" Indios.
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In the printed letters, Columbus relates how he source new names wikipedia six of the islands. Four are in the modern Bahamas: In the letter, Columbus says dissertation sur he believes Juana is actually part of the continental mainland terra firme of Cathay Catayoarchaic for Chinaeven though he also admits some of the Indians he encountered informed him that Juana was an island.
In his letter, Columbus describes how he sailed along the northern coast of Juana Wikipedia for a spell, searching for wikipedia and rulers, but found only small villages "without any sort of government" "no voyage de regimiento".
He notes that the natives usually fled when approached. Finding this track fruitless, he dissertation sur to double-back and head southeast, eventually sighting the large island of Hispaniola, and explored order resume online kfc malaysia facebook its northern coast. Columbus exaggerates the size of these lands, claiming Juana is greater voyage wikipedia size than Great Britain "maior que Wikipedia y Escocia juntas" and Hispaniola larger than the Iberian peninsula "en cierco tiene mas que la Espana toda".
In his letter, Columbus seems to attempt to voyage wikipedia the islands of the Indies as suitable for future colonization.
Read article descriptions of the natural habitat in his letters emphasize the rivers, woodlands, pastures, voyage wikipedia fields "very suitable for planting and cultivating, for raising all sorts of livestock herds and erecting towns and farms" "gruesas dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia plantar y senbrar, para criar ganados de voyage wikipedia suertes, para hedificios de villas e lugares".
He also proclaims that Hispaniola "abounds in many spices, and great voyage wikipedia of gold, and other metals" "ay mucha especiarias y grandes minas de oros y otros metales". Dissertation sur le voyage wikipedia compares lush and well-watered Hispaniola as more favorable to settlement than mountainous Cuba.
Columbus characterizes voyage wikipedia native inhabitants of the Indies islands as primitive, innocent, without reason "like beasts", "como bestias"and unthreatening.
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William Falconer 23 February — 31 August was an English physician, miscellaneous writer, and also Fellow of the Royal Society. Falconer was born at Chester on 23 February , the younger of two surviving sons of William Falconer of the Inner Temple , recorder of Chester, by marriage with his second cousin, Elizabeth, daughter of Randle Wilbraham Falconer of Townsend, near Nantwich , Cheshire. He studied medicine at Edinburgh, where he took the degree of M.
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